Praktek Smart Farming Pada Kota-Kota Di Dunia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58684/jbs.v3i2.79Keywords:
Smart farming, pertanian cerdas, teknologi pertanian, keberlanjutan, ketahanan panganAbstract
Smart farming, sebagai inovasi teknologi dalam pertanian, telah berkembang pesat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, memberikan solusi yang efektif untuk berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi oleh sektor pertanian di kota-kota di seluruh dunia. Dalam konteks urbanisasi yang cepat dan pertumbuhan populasi yang meningkat, praktik smart farming menawarkan pendekatan yang berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan produksi pangan serta efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penerapan praktik smart farming di berbagai kota di dunia, dengan fokus pada manfaat, tantangan, dan dampak dari teknologi pertanian cerdas.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka, yang mencakup analisis berbagai literatur dan studi kasus dari kota-kota yang telah menerapkan teknologi smart farming. Berbagai teknologi yang menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini mencakup Internet of Things (IoT), drone, sensor tanah, dan sistem manajemen pertanian berbasis data. Penerapan teknologi ini tidak hanya meningkatkan hasil panen tetapi juga mengurangi dampak lingkungan dari kegiatan pertanian, mengingat pentingnya keberlanjutan dalam konteks perubahan iklim.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa smart farming memberikan banyak manfaat bagi kota-kota, seperti peningkatan efisiensi dalam penggunaan air dan pupuk, pengurangan biaya operasional, dan peningkatan ketahanan pangan. Misalnya, dengan menggunakan sensor tanah, petani dapat memantau kelembapan tanah secara real-time, sehingga dapat melakukan irigasi yang lebih efisien dan mengurangi pemborosan air. Selain itu, penggunaan drone dalam pemantauan tanaman memungkinkan petani untuk mendeteksi masalah seperti serangan hama atau penyakit dengan lebih cepat, sehingga tindakan pencegahan dapat diambil sebelum kerusakan meluas.
Namun, meskipun banyak manfaat yang ditawarkan, penerapan smart farming juga menghadapi beberapa tantangan. Keterbatasan dalam akses terhadap teknologi, kurangnya pelatihan bagi petani, dan masalah regulasi menjadi hambatan signifikan dalam adopsi teknologi ini di beberapa daerah. Selain itu, ketidakpastian biaya awal yang tinggi untuk investasi teknologi dapat menjadi penghalang bagi petani kecil untuk beralih ke praktik pertanian cerdas. Oleh karena itu, perlu ada dukungan dari pemerintah dan lembaga swasta untuk memberikan pelatihan, sumber daya, dan insentif bagi petani yang ingin mengadopsi teknologi ini.
Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa smart farming memiliki potensi besar untuk merevolusi cara pertanian di kota-kota di seluruh dunia. Dengan pendekatan yang tepat dan dukungan yang memadai, praktik ini dapat meningkatkan ketahanan pangan, efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya, dan keberlanjutan lingkungan. Ke depannya, diharapkan lebih banyak kota yang dapat mengadopsi dan menerapkan teknologi smart farming untuk menghadapi tantangan pertanian di era modern ini.
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